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| author | wei <> | 2006-07-05 07:35:50 +0000 |
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| committer | wei <> | 2006-07-05 07:35:50 +0000 |
| commit | b6dfb6c447cf502e694d299dbda1b2e092c3312d (patch) | |
| tree | b1bbd0abf857cca4b297d575942efa60edd12480 /test_tools/simpletest/docs/en/index.html | |
| parent | b5c7c7b77d33aa3e04ed6c16a489a2076a30f57a (diff) | |
move tests to test_tools
Diffstat (limited to 'test_tools/simpletest/docs/en/index.html')
| -rwxr-xr-x | test_tools/simpletest/docs/en/index.html | 467 |
1 files changed, 467 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/test_tools/simpletest/docs/en/index.html b/test_tools/simpletest/docs/en/index.html new file mode 100755 index 00000000..04797272 --- /dev/null +++ b/test_tools/simpletest/docs/en/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,467 @@ +<html> +<head> +<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> +<title> + Download the Simple Test testing framework - + Unit tests and mock objects for PHP + </title> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docs.css" title="Styles"> +</head> +<body> +<div class="menu_back"> +<div class="menu"> +<h2> +<span class="chosen">SimpleTest</span> +</h2> +<ul> +<li> +<a href="overview.html">Overview</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="unit_test_documentation.html">Unit tester</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="group_test_documentation.html">Group tests</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="server_stubs_documentation.html">Server stubs</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="mock_objects_documentation.html">Mock objects</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="partial_mocks_documentation.html">Partial mocks</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="reporter_documentation.html">Reporting</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="expectation_documentation.html">Expectations</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="web_tester_documentation.html">Web tester</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="form_testing_documentation.html">Testing forms</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="authentication_documentation.html">Authentication</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="browser_documentation.html">Scriptable browser</a> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</div> +<h1>Simple Test for PHP</h1> +<div class="content"> + + + <p> + The following assumes that you are familiar with the concept + of unit testing as well as the PHP web development language. + It is a guide for the impatient new user of + <a href="https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=76550">SimpleTest</a>. + For fuller documentation, especially if you are new + to unit testing see the ongoing + <a href="unit_test_documentation.html">documentation</a>, and for + example test cases see the + <a href="http://www.lastcraft.com/first_test_tutorial.php">unit testing tutorial</a>. + </p> + + <p> +<a class="target" name="unit"> +<h2>Using the tester quickly</h2> +</a> +</p> + <p> + Amongst software testing tools, a unit tester is the one + closest to the developer. + In the context of agile development the test code sits right + next to the source code as both are written simultaneously. + In this context SimpleTest aims to be a complete PHP developer + test solution and is called "Simple" because it + should be easy to use and extend. + It wasn't a good choice of name really. + It includes all of the typical functions you would expect from + <a href="http://www.junit.org/">JUnit</a> and the + <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpunit/">PHPUnit</a> + ports, but also adds + <a href="http://www.mockobjects.com">mock objects</a>. + It has some <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/jwebunit/">JWebUnit</a> + functionality as well. + This includes web page navigation, cookie testing and form submission. + </p> + <p> + The quickest way to demonstrate is with an example. + </p> + <p> + Let us suppose we are testing a simple file logging class called + <span class="new_code">Log</span> in <em>classes/log.php</em>. + We start by creating a test script which we will call + <em>tests/log_test.php</em> and populate it as follows... +<pre> +<strong><?php +require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php'); +require_once('simpletest/reporter.php'); +require_once('../classes/log.php'); +?></strong> +</pre> + Here the <em>simpletest</em> folder is either local or in the path. + You would have to edit these locations depending on where you + placed the toolset. + Next we create a test case... +<pre> +<?php +require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php'); +require_once('simpletest/reporter.php'); +require_once('../classes/log.php'); +<strong> +class TestOfLogging extends UnitTestCase { +}</strong> +?> +</pre> + Now we have five lines of scaffolding code and still no tests. + However from this part on we get return on our investment very quickly. + We'll assume that the <span class="new_code">Log</span> class + takes the file name to write to in the constructor and we have + a temporary folder in which to place this file... +<pre> +<?php +require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php'); +require_once('simpletest/reporter.php'); +require_once('../classes/log.php'); + +class TestOfLogging extends UnitTestCase { + <strong> + function testCreatingNewFile() { + @unlink('/temp/test.log'); + $log = new Log('/temp/test.log'); + $this->assertFalse(file_exists('/temp/test.log')); + $log->message('Should write this to a file'); + $this->assertTrue(file_exists('/temp/test.log')); + }</strong> +} +?> +</pre> + When a test case runs it will search for any method that + starts with the string <span class="new_code">test</span> + and execute that method. + We would normally have more than one test method of course. + Assertions within the test methods trigger messages to the + test framework which displays the result immediately. + This immediate response is important, not just in the event + of the code causing a crash, but also so that + <span class="new_code">print</span> statements can display + their content right next to the test case concerned. + </p> + <p> + To see these results we have to actually run the tests. + If this is the only test case we wish to run we can achieve + it with... +<pre> +<?php +require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php'); +require_once('simpletest/reporter.php'); +require_once('../classes/log.php'); + +class TestOfLogging extends UnitTestCase { + + function testCreatingNewFile() { + @unlink('/temp/test.log'); + $log = new Log('/temp/test.log'); + $this->assertFalse(file_exists('/temp/test.log')); + $log->message('Should write this to a file'); + $this->assertTrue(file_exists('/temp/test.log')); + } +} +<strong> +$test = &new TestOfLogging(); +$test->run(new HtmlReporter());</strong> +?> +</pre> + </p> + <p> + On failure the display looks like this... + <div class="demo"> + <h1>testoflogging</h1> + <span class="fail">Fail</span>: testcreatingnewfile->True assertion failed.<br> + <div style="padding: 8px; margin-top: 1em; background-color: red; color: white;">1/1 test cases complete. + <strong>1</strong> passes and <strong>1</strong> fails.</div> + </div> + ...and if it passes like this... + <div class="demo"> + <h1>testoflogging</h1> + <div style="padding: 8px; margin-top: 1em; background-color: green; color: white;">1/1 test cases complete. + <strong>2</strong> passes and <strong>0</strong> fails.</div> + </div> + And if you get this... + <div class="demo"> + <b>Fatal error</b>: Failed opening required '../classes/log.php' (include_path='') in <b>/home/marcus/projects/lastcraft/tutorial_tests/Log/tests/log_test.php</b> on line <b>7</b> + </div> + it means you're missing the <em>classes/Log.php</em> file that could look like... +<pre> +<?php +class Log { + + function Log($file_path) { + } + + function message() { + } +} +?>; +</pre> + </p> + + <p> +<a class="target" name="group"> +<h2>Building group tests</h2> +</a> +</p> + <p> + It is unlikely in a real application that we will only ever run + one test case. + This means that we need a way of grouping cases into a test + script that can, if need be, run every test in the application. + </p> + <p> + Our first step is to strip the includes and to undo our + previous hack... +<pre> +<?php<strong> +require_once('../classes/log.php');</strong> + +class TestOfLogging extends UnitTestCase { + + function testCreatingNewFile() { + @unlink('/temp/test.log'); + $log = new Log('/temp/test.log'); + $this->assertFalse(file_exists('/temp/test.log')); + $log->message('Should write this to a file'); + $this->assertTrue(file_exists('/temp/test.log'));<strong> + } +} +?></strong> +</pre> + Next we create a new file called <em>tests/all_tests.php</em> + and insert the following code... +<pre> +<strong><?php +require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php'); +require_once('simpletest/reporter.php'); + +$test = &new GroupTest('All tests'); +$test->addTestFile('log_test.php'); +$test->run(new HtmlReporter()); +?></strong> +</pre> + The method <span class="new_code">GroupTest::addTestFile()</span> + will include the test case file and read any new classes created + that are descended from <span class="new_code">SimpleTestCase</span>, of which + <span class="new_code">UnitTestCase</span> is one example. + Just the class names are stored for now, so that the test runner + can instantiate the class when it works its way + through your test suite. + </p> + <p> + For this to work properly the test case file should not blindly include + any other test case extensions that do not actually run tests. + This could result in extra test cases being counted during the test + run. + Hardly a major problem, but to avoid this inconvenience simply add + a <span class="new_code">SimpleTestOptions::ignore()</span> directive + somewhere in the test case file. + Also the test case file should not have been included + elsewhere or no cases will be added to this group test. + This would be a more serious error as if the test case classes are + already loaded by PHP the <span class="new_code">GroupTest::addTestFile()</span> + method will not detect them. + </p> + <p> + To display the results it is necessary only to invoke + <em>tests/all_tests.php</em> from the web server. + </p> + + <p> +<a class="target" name="mock"> +<h2>Using mock objects</h2> +</a> +</p> + <p> + Let's move further into the future. + </p> + <p> + Assume that our logging class is tested and completed. + Assume also that we are testing another class that is + required to write log messages, say a + <span class="new_code">SessionPool</span>. + We want to test a method that will probably end up looking + like this... +<pre> +<strong> +class SessionPool { + ... + function logIn($username) { + ... + $this->_log->message("User $username logged in."); + ... + } + ... +} +</strong> +</pre> + In the spirit of reuse we are using our + <span class="new_code">Log</span> class. + A conventional test case might look like this... +<pre> +<strong> +<?php +require_once('../classes/log.php'); +require_once('../classes/session_pool.php'); + +class TestOfSessionLogging extends UnitTestCase { + + function setUp() { + @unlink('/temp/test.log'); + } + + function tearDown() { + @unlink('/temp/test.log'); + } + + function testLogInIsLogged() { + $log = new Log('/temp/test.log'); + $session_pool = &new SessionPool($log); + $session_pool->logIn('fred'); + $messages = file('/temp/test.log'); + $this->assertEqual($messages[0], "User fred logged in.\n"); + } +} +?></strong> +</pre> + This test case design is not all bad, but it could be improved. + We are spending time fiddling with log files which are + not part of our test. Worse, we have created close ties + with the <span class="new_code">Log</span> class and + this test. + What if we don't use files any more, but use ths + <em>syslog</em> library instead? + Did you notice the extra carriage return in the message? + Was that added by the logger? + What if it also added a time stamp or other data? + </p> + <p> + The only part that we really want to test is that a particular + message was sent to the logger. + We reduce coupling if we can pass in a fake logging class + that simply records the message calls for testing, but + takes no action. + It would have to look exactly like our original though. + </p> + <p> + If the fake object doesn't write to a file then we save on deleting + the file before and after each test. We could save even more + test code if the fake object would kindly run the assertion for us. + <p> + </p> + Too good to be true? + Luckily we can create such an object easily... +<pre> +<?php +require_once('../classes/log.php'); +require_once('../classes/session_pool.php');<strong> +Mock::generate('Log');</strong> + +class TestOfSessionLogging extends UnitTestCase { + + function testLogInIsLogged() {<strong> + $log = &new MockLog($this); + $log->expectOnce('message', array('User fred logged in.'));</strong> + $session_pool = &new SessionPool($log); + $session_pool->logIn('fred');<strong> + $log->tally();</strong> + } +} +?> +</pre> + The <span class="new_code">tally()</span> call is needed to + tell the mock object that time is up for the expected call + count. + Without it the mock would wait forever for the method + call to come in without ever actually notifying the test case. + The other test will be triggered when the call to + <span class="new_code">message()</span> is invoked on the + <span class="new_code">MockLog</span> object. + The mock call will trigger a parameter comparison and then send the + resulting pass or fail event to the test display. + Wildcards can be included here too so as to prevent tests + becoming too specific. + </p> + <p> + The mock objects in the SimpleTest suite can have arbitrary + return values set, sequences of returns, return values + selected according to the incoming arguments, sequences of + parameter expectations and limits on the number of times + a method is to be invoked. + </p> + <p> + For this test to run the mock objects library must have been + included in the test suite, say in <em>all_tests.php</em>. + </p> + + <p> +<a class="target" name="web"> +<h2>Web page testing</h2> +</a> +</p> + <p> + One of the requirements of web sites is that they produce web + pages. + If you are building a project top-down and you want to fully + integrate testing along the way then you will want a way of + automatically navigating a site and examining output for + correctness. + This is the job of a web tester. + </p> + <p> + The web testing in SimpleTest is fairly primitive, there is + no JavaScript for example. + To give an idea here is a trivial example where a home + page is fetched, from which we navigate to an "about" + page and then test some client determined content. +<pre> +<?php<strong> +require_once('simpletest/web_tester.php');</strong> +require_once('simpletest/reporter.php'); +<strong> +class TestOfAbout extends WebTestCase { + + function setUp() { + $this->get('http://test-server/index.php'); + $this->clickLink('About'); + } + + function testSearchEngineOptimisations() { + $this->assertTitle('A long title about us for search engines'); + $this->assertWantedPattern('/a popular keyphrase/i'); + } +}</strong> +$test = &new TestOfAbout(); +$test->run(new HtmlReporter()); +?> +</pre> + With this code as an acceptance test you can ensure that + the content always meets the specifications of both the + developers and the other project stakeholders. + </p> + <p> + <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/simpletest/"><img src="http://sourceforge.net/sflogo.php?group_id=76550&type=5" width="210" height="62" border="0" alt="SourceForge.net Logo"></a> + </p> + + </div> +<div class="copyright"> + Copyright<br>Marcus Baker, Jason Sweat, Perrick Penet 2004 + </div> +</body> +</html> |