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<com:TContent ID="body" >
<h1 id="2101">URL Mapping (Friendly URLs)</h1>
<com:DocLink ClassPath="System.Web.TUrlMapping" />
<p id="230222" class="block-content">Using the <tt>TUrlMapping</tt> module different URLs can be
mapped into any existing Prado pages or services. This allows
the application to use nice looking and friendly URLs.
</p>
<p id="230223" class="block-content">
The <tt>TUrlMapping</tt> module allows aributary URL path to be mapped to a
particular service and page class. This module must be configured
before a service is initialized, thus this module should be configured
globally in the <a href="?page=Configurations.AppConfig">application configuration</a>
file and before any services.
</p>
<div class="info"><b class="tip">Info:</b>
The <tt>TUrlMapping</tt> must be configured before the
<a href="?page=Fundamentals.Modules">Request module</a> resolves the request.
This usually means delcaring the <tt>TUrlMapping</tt> module before any
<tt><services></tt> tag in the <a href="?page=Configurations.AppConfig">application configuration</a>.
Specifying the mappings in the per directory <tt>config.xml</tt> is not supported.
</div>
<p id="230224" class="block-content">
To use <tt>TUrlMapping</tt>, one must set the <tt>UrlManager</tt> property of the <tt>THttpRequest</tt> module as the <tt>TUrlMapping</tt> module ID. See following for an example,
<com:TTextHighlighter Language="xml" CssClass="source block-content" id="code_230098">
<modules>
<module id="request" class="THttpRequest" UrlManager="friendly-url" />
<module id="friendly-url" class="System.Web.TUrlMapping">
<url ServiceParameter="Posts.ViewPost" pattern="post/{id}/?" parameters.id="\d+" />
<url ServiceParameter="Posts.ListPost" pattern="archive/{time}/?" parameters.time="\d{6}" />
<url ServiceParameter="Posts.ListPost" pattern="category/{cat}/?" parameters.cat="\d+" />
</module>
</modules>
</com:TTextHighlighter>
</p>
<p id="230225" class="block-content">
The above example is part of the application configuration of the <tt>blog</tt> demo in the PRADO release. It enables recognition of the following URL formats:
</p>
<ul id="u1" class="block-content">
<li><tt>/index.php/post/123</tt> is recognized as <tt>/index.php?page=Posts.ViewPost&id=123</tt></li>
<li><tt>/index.php/archive/200605</tt> is recognized as <tt>/index.php?page=Posts.ListPost&time=200605</tt></li>
<li><tt>/index.php/category/2</tt> is recognized as <tt>/index.php?page=Posts.ListPost&cat=2</tt></li>
</ul>
<p id="230226" class="block-content">
The <tt>ServiceParameter</tt> and <tt>ServiceID</tt> (the default ID is 'page') set the service parameter and service ID, respectively, of the <a href="?page=Fundamentals.Modules">Request module</a>. The service parameter for the <tt>TPageService</tt> service is the Page class name, e.g., for an URL "index.php?page=Home", "page" is the service ID and the service parameter is "Home". Other services may use the service parameter and ID differently. See <a href="?page=Fundamentals.Services">Services</a> for further details.
</p>
<h2 id="46023">Specifying URL Patterns</h2>
<p id="230227" class="block-content">
<tt>TUrlMapping</tt> enables recognition of customized URL formats based on a list prespecified of URL patterns. Each pattern is specified in a <tt><url></tt> tag.
</p>
<p id="230228" class="block-content">
The <tt>Pattern</tt> and <tt>Parameters</tt> attribute
values are regular expression patterns that
determine the mapping criteria. The <tt>Pattern</tt> property takes
a regular expression with parameter names enclosed between a left brace '<tt>{</tt>'
and a right brace '<tt>}</tt>'. The pattens for each parameter can be set
using <tt>Parameters</tt>attribute collection.
For example,
<com:TTextHighlighter Language="xml" CssClass="source block-content" id="code_230099">
<url ServiceParameter="ArticleView" pattern="articles/{year}/{month}/{day}"
parameters.year="\d{4}" parameters.month="\d{2}" parameters.day="\d+" />
</com:TTextHighlighter>
</p>
The example is equivalent to the following regular expression (it uses the "named group" feature in regular expressions available in PHP):
<com:TTextHighlighter Language="xml" CssClass="source block-content" id="code_230100">
<url ServiceParmaeter="ArticleView">
<![CDATA[
/articles\/(?P<year>\d{4})\/(?P<month>\d{2})\/(?P<day>\d+)/u
]]>
</url>
</com:TTextHighlighter>
<p id="230229" class="block-content">
In the above example, the pattern contains 3 parameters named "<tt>year</tt>",
"<tt>month</tt>" and "<tt>day</tt>". The pattern for these parameters are,
respectively, "<tt>\d{4}</tt>" (4 digits), "<tt>\d{2}</tt>" (2 digits)
and "<tt>\d+</tt>" (1 or more digits).
Essentially, the <tt>Parameters</tt> attribute name and values are used
as substrings in replacing the placeholders in the <tt>Pattern</tt> string
to form a complete regular expression string.
</p>
<div class="note"><b class="tip">Note:</b> If you intended to use the <tt>RegularExpression</tt>
property you need to escape the slash in regular expressions.
</div>
<p id="230230" class="block-content">Following from the above pattern example,
an URL "<tt>http://example.com/index.php/articles/2006/07/21</tt>" will be matched
and valid. However, "<tt>http://example.com/index.php/articles/2006/07/hello</tt>" is not
valid since the "<tt>day</tt>" parameter pattern is not satisfied.
In the default <tt>TUrlMappingPattern</tt> class, the pattern is matched against the
<b>path</b> property of the URL only. For example, only the
"<tt>/index.php/articles/2006/07/21</tt>" portion of the URL is considered.
</p>
<p id="230231" class="block-content">
The mapped request URL is equivalent to <tt>index.php?page=ArticleView&year=2006&month=07&day=21</tt>.
The request parameter values are available through the standard <tt>Request</tt>
object. For example, <tt>$this->Request['year']</tt>.
</p>
<p id="230232" class="block-content">The URL mapping are evaluated in order they are place and only the first mapping that matches
the URL will be used. Cascaded mapping can be achieved by placing the URL mappings
in particular order. For example, placing the most specific mappings first.
</p>
<h2 id="46024">Constructing Customized URLs</h2>
<p id="230233" class="block-content">
Since version 3.0.6, <tt>TUrlMapping</tt> starts to support constructing customized URL formats. This is achieved by allowing users to extend <tt>TUrlMapping</tt> class and override the <tt>constructUrl</tt> method. In the applications, users can still use <tt>THttpRequest.constructUrl()</tt> or <tt>TPageService.constructUrl()</tt> to generate PRADO-recognizable URLS. The actual URL construction work is ultimately delegated to the <tt>TUrlMapping.constructUrl()</tt>, provided it is implemented.
</p>
<div class="last-modified">$Id$</div></com:TContent>
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