* basic write-up of rating concept

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diff --git a/doc/races.txt b/doc/races.txt
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+== Race selection ==
+Races included in the standings:
+ * all World Championship of Drivers races run to Formula One regulations (so no Indianapolis 500 in the 50s) from 1950 to 1980
+ * all World Championship of Drivers races run to Formula Two regulations in 1952-53
+ * all Formula One World Championship races since 1981
+ * all non-championship races run to contemporary or nearly contemporary Formula One regulations since 1950, apart from national championship series (so Races of Champions, International Trophies, Bologna Sprints or non-championship Grands Prix are included, but Aurora F1, Tasman Series or South African F1 races are excluded)
+ * some of the 1952-53 non-championship Formula Two races (including these with substantial WDC drivers appearence, such as French Formula Two Championship races and some other arbitrary races)
+ * all post-War, pre-1950 Grandes Épreuves races (which includes some 1946 races from before F1 regulations and excludes majority of F1-compliant races from 1947 onwards)
+ * races with mixed formula entries (e.g. F1/F2 or F1/FLibre) are separated by class and only F1 class (and F2 class in 1952-53) is scored
+
+Race importance factor:
+ * WCoD and FOWC race importance constitutes 100% of base value
+ * all other races get 50% of base value
+ * qualifying sessions get 10% of the value for respective race
+ * all races of the same category are scored identically, even if the race has been red-flagged before what would be full points situation
+
+Heats and aggregates:
+ * for multi-heat races with bracket-style heats and a final heats count as qualifying sessions and the final count as a race (except for Bologna Sprints, in which every heat from the full bracket get qualifying importance)
+ * for multi-heat races with aggregate-style standings the initial grid counts as qualifying and the aggregate results count as a race
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+== Scoring rules ==
+Every race or ranked qualifying session results for each entry are handed ordinal numbers as "groups" in which the entry was classified.
+
+For qualifying, a group is simply the qualifying position (not applying any grid drop penalties, but applying disqualification/exclusion).
+
+For races the following rules apply:
+ * race winning entry forms group "1"
+ * among the drivers classified on the lead lap, other groups are as follows: 2-3 places are group "2", 4-5 places are group "3", 6-10 places are group "4", 11-15 places are group "5", etc.
+ * for drivers classified outside the lead lap, the groups are formed by the drivers classified with the same numbers of completed laps (each distinct lap number as a separate group)
+ * non-classified drivers (because of completing not enough laps, but not retiring) form a single separate group, below all the classified drivers
+ * drivers retiring due to driver accidents form a single separate group, below other drivers
+ * drivers disqualified from the race form a single separate group, below other drivers
+ * drivers retiring due to mechanical issues form a special "0" group together with drivers which did not start the race
+
+After separating session results into groups, all entries from non-"0" groups form a "tournament". All possible entry couples are paired against each other to form "duels". The outcome of the duel may be a win/loss (if the entries are grouped in different groups) or a draw (if entries are grouped within the same group).
+
+All such duels are then treated as input for Elo rating algorithm.
+
+Specific rules regarding Elo implementation for this application's purposes:
+ * rankings are applied (evaluated) after each session ("tournament")
+ * no minimum rating limit for driver is enforced
+ * drivers are rated from their first entry (there's no initial grace period)
+ * shared drive entries have the effective ranking equal to the average ranking of drivers sharing the drive; pending ranking points from duels of such entries are divided equally between drivers sharing the drive
+
+Other than that, standard Elo rating conventions apply:
+ * drivers start with identical initial rating
+ * duels between high-ranked drivers change their rankings by fewer points than duels between low-ranked drivers